What You Need to Know About Logistics KPIs

What are logistics KPIs?

Logistics key performance indicators (KPIs) are metrics that help organizations measure and evaluate supply chain processes and overall performance. Each KPI focuses on key aspects of a business’s operations, such as cost savings, resource utilization, and more. They offer deep insights into operations that allow managers to assess performance and identify areas of improvement. Using and implementing KPIs in logistics enables businesses to gain a strategic edge in the market.

Importance

Logistics KPIs offer measurable metrics for organizations to assess their logistics operations. These metrics help organizations gauge the efficiency, effectiveness, and overall performance of the supply chain.

By tracking KPIs such as on-time delivery, inventory turnover, transportation costs, and order fulfillment accuracy, organizations can identify areas for improvement, optimize resource allocation, and enhance decision-making.

These performance indicators also offer valuable insights into the health of logistics operations, helping businesses identify blockers, reduce costs, and improve customer satisfaction.

In essence, logistics KPIs serve as essential tools for strategic planning and continuous improvement, enabling companies to stay competitive in the dynamic and demanding landscape of modern supply chain management.

Top 10 logistics KPIs to incorporate in your strategy

Organizations can use various indicators to assess the performance of their supply chain, transport, and logistics activities. It's best to find metrics that are relevant to their operations to gather the most useful and insightful data. That said, there are also logistics KPIs that apply to a wide range of business areas, such as the following:

Lead time

Lead time is the duration between placing an order and receiving the goods. It encompasses order processing, production, and transportation time. This has a major impact on inventory management, production planning, and customer expectations.

Organizations should aim for shorter lead times as they enhance responsiveness to market demands and reduce carrying costs.

On-time delivery rate

The on-time delivery rate measures the percentage of orders delivered on time and in full, meaning all items are shipped without any shortages or damages. According to the Bureau of Transportation Statistics, on-time performance is one of the core national indicators used to track freight network reliability. It's crucial to ensure that deliveries make it on time and that customers are satisfied. More on-time deliveries also reduce backorders while strengthening customer relationships.

Formula: On-Time Delivery Rate = (On-time orders ÷ Total orders) × 100

Delivery cost per order

This indicator measures the average cost of delivering a single order. Businesses should aim for low delivery costs per order while still ensuring timely deliveries and that products arrive in ideal condition.

Stock rotation

Stock rotation measures how frequently inventory is used or sold within a specific time frame, indicating the efficiency of inventory turnover. A higher stock rotation implies better utilization and reduces the risk of obsolete stock.

Warehousing cost

Warehousing cost refers to the total expenses incurred storing inventory in a warehouse — including labor, utilities, equipment, and space. Per the Bureau of Labor Statistics, warehousing and storage costs are tracked as their own industry index, reflecting how directly these expenses affect overall logistics budgets. Monitoring warehousing costs helps optimize operational efficiency and maintain a balance between storage expenses and service levels.

Number of shipments

The number of shipments represents the total count of goods dispatched within a given period, reflecting the scale of logistics operations. Tracking this KPI helps evaluate transportation efficiency and workload.

Inventory management

Inventory management assesses the effectiveness of controlling and optimizing stock levels to meet customer demand while minimizing carrying costs. Efficient inventory management ensures a balance between supply and demand.

Sustainability metrics

Sustainability metrics gauge the environmental and social impact of logistics operations, considering factors such as carbon emissions, waste reduction, and ethical sourcing. Monitoring sustainability metrics aligns with corporate social responsibility goals.

Order cycle time

Order cycle time measures the duration from order placement to delivery completion. A shorter order cycle time indicates faster order fulfillment, enhancing customer satisfaction and operational efficiency.

On time in-full

On Time In-Full (OTIF) evaluates the percentage of orders delivered punctually and complete with all items. High OTIF rates signify reliable logistics performance and contribute to customer satisfaction and supply chain effectiveness.

How to implement logistics KPIs

Here are a few steps that can guide companies as they implement logistics KPIs to improve the performance of their supply chain.

Set goals

When using KPIs to assess performance, the first step is establishing clear and achievable goals for each KPI. Frameworks like ASCM's SCOR model offer a standardized way to benchmark these goals against industry norms. That way, managers have a baseline to compare the data they collect when measuring logistics KPIs.

Regular reviews

When assessing KPIs, it's also important to gauge how well they measure performance and if the data is helping the organization make informed decisions. Like with any strategy, companies must adjust their KPIs and their goals depending on new information.

Leverage technology

To accurately measure KPIs and use the data for informed decision-making, companies must leverage the right tools for the job. Platforms like Mitti (by SafetyCulture) offer real-time dashboards, automated data capture from your existing systems, and customizable alerts when a KPI drifts outside its target range. Purpose-built logistics or supply chain platforms typically outperform generic spreadsheets once you're tracking more than a handful of metrics.